Submarine signaling cable



Dec. 7, 1937. ENGLER Er AL 2,101,386

SUBMARINE SIGNALING CABLE Filed June 16, 1953 Fig. 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oEElcE SUBMARINE SIGNALIN G CABLE `Julius Engler and Ernst Studt, Nordenham, Germany, assignors toV Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke A. G., Nordenham, Germany Application June 16, 1933, Serial No. 876,196 In Germany June 25, 1932 1 calm. (c1. rui-264)V For the insulation of submarine cables, only core, the separate cores provided with the disthermoplastic insulating substances such as gutta tancing material can be twisted and provided with percha, balata, rubber and the like, or mixtures a common insulating covering. thereof have been used in addition to the paper The insulation can also be used with unloaded 5 lead sheath insulation. With these insulating cables as well as with cables which are constantly 5 materials it is possible to make a core covering loaded with magnetic material according to Krawhich is mechanically satisfactory but the electrirup. In the latter case the liquid insulating macal properties, more particularly the dielectric terial in deep sea cables can also act as pressure constants and the angle of loss of these materials, equalizing means. In each case a cable with the still leave something to be desired. new insulation has substantially better electrical 10 The present invention relates to a submarine contents than one of the known cables with thercable in which, in addition to the above-menmoplastic insulation. tioned thermoplastic insulating materials, other If cables are employed having return conductors materials are employed for constructing the cores laid concentrically around the conductors, it is which have more favourable electrical properties advisable to arrange the copper bands, wires or 15 but which, on account of their consistency, are wire gauze acting as return conductor directly not themselves suitable for making a cable insuover the distancing member and under the waterlation which will retain its shape. These include tight outer covering. Then, in the space between insulating materials which are liquid, viscous or the outward and return conductors, there is only 2 balsem-like. fOr exemple hydrOCeOlltOhOne, wellinsulating material of good electrical properties, 20 ing caoutchouc with high oil content, wax and more particularly small dielectric losses. The the like. return conductor bands are preferably placed over The insulating materials of good electrical qualthe distancing member with a long pitch opposite ity are applied directly on the conductors because to that of the distancing member. Above the contheir good electrical properties have a more iacentric return conductor is a covering of any de- 25 vourable eflect in this arrangement. For shutsired material which is impermeable to water and ting out the sea-water a covering of thermoplaspreferably thermoplastic. I'he return conductor tic material, for example, gutta percha or balata can be conductively connected at intervals with or mixtures thereof with rubber and wax is then the armouring, that is, with the sea-water.

applied. It is advisable to add hardening agents A cable according to the invention is illustrated 30 to the outer covering in order to improve its meby way oi example in the accompanying drawing, chanical properties. Suitable substances for this in which Fig. 1 shows a cable in which the outer purpose are certain artificial resins with good covering is partialy removed and Fig. 2 a crosseleetrical properties, for example polymerization section through the cable, while Fig. 3 shows a 36 products of aryl olennes. moreparticularly pclvcable with eoncentricaliy arranged return eon- 35 styrol. f ductors.

In order to keep the conductors in the middle 0f In the drawing, a is the stranded conductor, b the liquid inllletlng meteliel, e (1181791101118 memthe distancing cord, c the liquid insulating maber is provided which, for example. may be a cord terial, d the covering of thermoplastic material,

40 laid round the conductors with a long pitch or a e the concentrlcally arranged return conductor 40 network 0f Sinle 60H18- The distenein! member and l the armouring wires. In Figs. 1 and 2 the consists of pure polystyrol which is preferably armouring which is of course essential is omitmade in the form of a cord by drawing out from ted for the sake of simplicity. the artificial mass, and is applied to the conductor What we claim is:

inaheated state. Ifnecessary, there maybeap- A submarine signaling cable with insulation 45 plied a further band of artificial material made consisting of several layers comprising a layer by the same method in order to strengthen the next to the conductors consisting of a liquid in- Outer covering. The f0ll0win$ electrical values sulating material with low dielectric losses and were obtained with a core. the diste-nein! member low dielectric constant, a covering thereover oi of which consisted of polystyrol and the insulatinsulating thermoplastic material which is im- 50 ing leyel 0f Synthetic hYdlOceOlltchOUe and the permeable to water and retains its shape and a Outer layer of hardened Kutta Dercha. distanclng member of pure polystyrol in the inner Tangent 0f the enle 0f 1088 i=03'10"a layer for holding the covering from the con- Dielectric =2.3. ductors.

The new insulation is suitable for cables with JUUUS ENGLER 56 one or more cores. In cables with more than one mNBT STUDI'. 

